《植物生理学报》 2015, 51(1): 9-20

根毛的生长发育及其遗传基础

张德健, 夏仁学^*, 曹秀

华中农业大学园艺植物生物学教育部重点实验室, 武汉430070

通信作者：夏仁学；E-mail: renxuexia@mail.hzau.edu.cn；Tel: 027-87284181

摘　要：

根毛是根系特异化表皮细胞外伸形成的管状凸起物, 是植物吸收矿质养分和水分的重要器官。根毛的发育可分为根毛细胞命运决定、根毛起始、根毛顶端生长和根毛成熟等阶段。本文对根毛发育生长过程中的细胞形态及其生理生化变化进行了综述, 并从根表皮细胞命运决定分子机理, EXPANSIN、bHLH和MYB等转录因子以及小G蛋白和生长素/乙烯等方面简要说明了根毛生长发育的遗传基础。

关键词：根毛; 发育; 表皮细胞; 扩展蛋白; 转录因子; 小G蛋白; 生长素/乙烯

收稿：2014-11-21   修定：2014-12-11

资助：华中农业大学自选项目(52207-05019)。

Root Hair Development and Its Genetic Basis

ZHANG De-Jian, XIA Ren-Xue^*, CAO Xiu

Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China

Corresponding author: XIA Ren-Xue; E-mail: renxuexia@mail.hzau.edu.cn; Tel: 027-87284181

Abstract:

Root hairs are long tubular outgrowths from specialized epidermal cells of roots. Root hairs can increase the root surface area for aiding plants in nutrient and water acquisition. Development of root hairs includes four phases: root hair cell fate specification, root hair initiation, root hair tip growth and root hair maturation. This review represents cells morphology and the physiochemical changes in four phases of root hairs, followed by discussion about the molecular mechanisms of root hair cell fate specification, the regulatory mechanisms of TFs (EXPANSIN, bHLH and MYB) ROPs and auxin/ethylene on root hairs development.

Key words: root hair; development; epidermal cell; EXPANSIN; transcription factor; ROPs; auxin/ethylene